CGFNS考试考点解析·成人护理分册 上PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本下载

CGFNS考试考点解析·成人护理分册 上PDF格式电子书版下载

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Chapter 1　Fluid,Electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalance（水、电解质及酸碱失衡）1

Section 1 Water and Electrolyte Imbalance（水、电解质失衡）1

Part 1 Water Imbalance（水失衡）8

Part 2 Sodium Imbalance（钠失衡）14

Part 3 Potassium Imbalance（钾失衡）20

Part 4 Calcium Imbalance（钙失衡）26

Part 5 Magnesium Imbalance（镁失衡）34

Section 2 Acid-Base Imbalance（酸碱失衡）42

Part 1 Metabolic Acidosis（代谢性酸中毒）47

Part 2 Metabolic Alkalosis（代谢性碱中毒）49

Part 3 Respiratory Acidosis（呼吸性酸中毒）50

Part 4 Respiratory Alkalosis（呼吸性碱中毒）53

Chapter 2 Shock（休克）57

Chapter 3 Perioperative Care（围手术期护理）71

Section 1 Preoperative Nursing Care（术前护理）71

Section 2 Patient During Surgery（术中护理）81

Section 3 Postoperative Nursing Care（术后护理）93

Chapter 4 Cancer（癌症）109

Chapter 5 Problems of the Cardiovascular System（心血管系统疾病）144

Section 1 Hypertension（高血压）144

Section 2 Coronary Artery Disease（冠状动脉疾病）156

Part 1 Angina Peetoris（心绞痛）159

Part 2 Myocardial Infarction（心肌梗死）167

Section 3 Heart Failure（心力衰竭）183

Section 4 Dysrhythmias（心律失常）194

Part 1 Introduction（概述）194

Part 2 Common Types of Dysrhythmias（常见的心律失常）203

Section 5 Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease（风湿热和风湿性心脏病）211

Section 6 Valvular Heart Disease（瓣膜性心脏病）218

Section 7 Infective Endocarditis（感染性心内膜炎）229

Section 8 Cardiomyopathy（心肌病）236

Section 9 Myocarditis（心肌炎）242

Section 10 Pericarditis（心包炎）245

Section 11 Peripheral Vascular Disorders（周围血管疾病）250

Part 1 Arteriosclerosis Obliterans（闭塞性动脉硬化）251

Part 2 Arterial Thrombus or Embolism（动脉血栓形成和栓塞）254

Part 3 Raynaud's Disease（Raynaud病）257

Part 4 Buerger's Disease（Buerger病）259

Part 5 Aneurysms（动脉瘤）260

Part 6 Varicose Veins（静脉曲张）264

Part 7 Thrombophlebitis（栓性静脉炎）267

Chapter 6 Problems of the Respiratory System（呼吸系统疾病）274

Section 1 Pneumonia（肺炎）274

Section 2 Tuberculosis（结核病）291

Section 3 Bronchiectasis（支气管扩张）302

Section 4 Lung Abscess（肺脓肿）307

Section 5 Lung Cancer（肺癌）313

Section 6 Chest Trauma（胸部创伤）323

Part 1 Fractured Ribs（肋骨骨折）323

Part 2 Flail Chest（连枷胸）324

Part 3 Pneumothorax（气胸）325

Section 7 Asthma（哮喘）331

Section 8 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease（COPD，慢性阻塞性肺疾患）346

Section 9 Cystic Fibrosis（囊性纤维化）359

Section 10 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome（ARDS，急性呼吸窘迫综合征）368

Chapter 7 Problems of the Gastrointestinal System（消化系统疾病）381

Section 1 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Hiatal Hernia（胃食管反流病和食管裂孔疝）382

Part 1 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease（GERD，胃食管反流病）382

Part 2 Hiatal Hernia（食管裂孔疝）385

Section 2 Malignant Neoplasms of the Esophagus（食管恶性肿瘤）388

Section 3 Gastritis（胃炎）392

Section 4 Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding（上消化道出血）396

Section 5 Peptic Ulcer Disease（消化性溃疡）402

Section 6 Gastric Cancer（胃癌）416

Section 7 Abnormalities of Fecal Elimination（排便异常）421

Part 1 Constipation（便秘）421

Part 2 Diarrhea（腹泻）423

Part 3 Fecal Incontinence（大便失禁）426

Part 4 Irritable Bowel Syndrome（肠易激综合征）428

Part 5 Conditions of Malabsorption（吸收不良综合征）429

Section 8 Inflammatory Bowel Problems（炎症性肠病）434

Part 1 Ulcerative Colitis（溃疡性结肠炎）434

Part 2 Crohn's disease（克罗恩病）441

Section 9 Acute Inflammatory Intestinal Disorders（急性炎性小肠疾病）446

Part 1 Appendicitis（阑尾炎）446

Part 2 Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis（憩室症和憩室炎）448

Part 3 Peritonitis（腹膜炎）451

Section 10 Colorectal Cancer（结直肠癌）454

Section 11 Other Problems of the Intestine（小肠其他疾病）464

Part 1 Acute Abdominal Pain（急性腹痛）464

Part 2 Intestinal Obstruction（肠梗阻）466

Part 3 Polyps（肠息肉）469

Part 4 Hernias（疝）470

Part 5 Anorectal Problems（直肠肛管疾病）471

Section 12 Problems of the Liver（肝脏疾病）474

Part 1 Viral Hepatitis（病毒性肝炎）474

Part 2 Cirrhosis（肝硬化）485

Part 3 Carcinoma of the Liver（肝癌）497

Section 13 Problems of the Biliary Tract（胆道疾病）505

Section 14 Problems of the Pancreas（胰腺疾病）513

Part 1 Acute Pancreatitis（急性胰腺炎）513

Part 2 Chronic Pancreatitis（慢性胰腺炎）518

Part 3 Carcinoma of the Pancreas（胰腺癌）520

Chapter 8 Problems of the Hematopoietic System（造血系统疾病）527

Section 1 Anatomic and Physiologic Overview（解剖生理概要）527

Section 2 Polycythemia（红细胞增多症）531

Section 3 Anemia（贫血）535

Part 1 Introduction（概述）535

Part 2 Anemia Caused by Decreased Erythrocyte Production（红细胞生成减少的贫血）539

Part 3 Anemia Caused by Blood Loss（失血造成的贫血）549

Section 4 Problems of Hemostasis（出血性疾病）552

Part 1 Thrombocytopenia（血小板减少症）554

Part 2 Hemophilia（血友病）557

Part 3 von Willebrand's Disease（维勒布兰德病）561

Part 4 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation（DIC，弥散性血管内凝血）562

Section 5 Neutropenia（嗜中性粒细胞减少症）568

Section 6 Myelodysplatic Syndrome（MDS，骨髓增生异常综合征）570

Section 7 Leukemia（白血病）573

Part 1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia（AML，急性髓细胞性白血病）583

Part 2 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia（ALL，急性淋巴细胞性白血病）585

Part 3 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia（CML，慢性髓细胞性白血病）589

Part 4 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia（CLL，慢性淋巴细胞性白血病）593

Section 8 The Lymphomas（淋巴瘤）597

Part 1 Hodgkin's Disease（霍奇金病）598

Part 2 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas（NHLs，非霍奇金淋巴瘤）602

Section 9 Multiple Myeloma（多发性骨髓瘤）609

Section 10 Hypersplenism（脾功能亢进症）614

Section 11 Blood Transfusion（输血）617

Chapter 9 Problems of the Endocrine System（内分泌系统疾病）628

Section 1 Disorders of the Anterior Pituitary（垂体前叶疾病）628

Part 1 Hypopituitarism（垂体功能减退症）629

Part 2 Gigantism and Acromegaly（巨人症与肢端肥大症）630

Section 2 Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary（垂体后叶疾病）635

Part 1 Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone（抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征）635

Part 2 Diabetes Insipidus（尿崩症）637

Section 3 Hyperthyroidism（甲状腺功能亢进症）641

Section 4 Hypothyroidism（甲状腺功能减退症）649

Section 5 Hyperparathyroidism（甲状旁腺功能亢进症）655

Section 6 Hypoparathyroidism（甲状旁腺功能减退症）658

Section 7 Cushing's Syndrome（Cushing综合征）660

Section 8 Adrenocortical Hypofunction（肾上腺皮质功能减退症）666

Section 9 Diabetes Mellitus（糖尿病）673

Chapter 10 Problems of the Musculoskeletal System（肌肉骨骼系统疾病）695

Section 1 Fracture（骨折）695

Section 2 Arthritis（关节炎）720

Part 1 Osteoarthritis（骨关节炎）720

Part 2 Rheumatoid Arthritis（类风湿关节炎）727

Part 3 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus（系统性红斑狼疮）739

Part 4 Gout（痛风）746

Part 5 Infectious Arthritis（感染性关节炎）753

Section 3 Osteomyelitis（骨髓炎）769

Section 4 Soft-tissue Injuries（软组织损伤）777

Part 1 Sprains,Strains and Contusion（扭伤、拉伤和挫伤）777

Part 2 Dislocation and Subluxation（脱位和半脱位）779

Section 5 Low Back Pain（下腰痛）782

Section 6 Herniation of a Lumbar Disk（腰椎间盘突出）789

Chapter 11 Problems of the Urinary and Genital System（泌尿生殖系统疾病）795

Section 1 Glomerulonephritis（肾小球肾炎）795

Part 1 Acute Glomerulonephritis（急性肾小球肾炎）796

Part 2 Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis（急进性肾小球肾炎）797

Part 3 Chronic Glomerulonephritis（慢性肾小球肾炎）797

Part 4 Nephrotic Syndrome（肾病综合征）798

Section 2 Urinary Tract Infections（尿路感染）804

Part 1 Cystitis（膀胱炎）806

Part 2 Pyelonephritis（肾盂肾炎）806

Section 3 Problems of the Prostate Gland（前列腺疾病）811

Part 1 Benigh Prostatic Hyperplasia（前列腺增生）812

Part 2 Cancer of the Prostate（前列腺癌）817

Section 4 Urinary Tract Calculi（尿路结石）822

Section 5 Neoplastic Disorders of the Urinary Tract（泌尿系统肿瘤）829

Part 1 Renal Cell Carcinoma（肾癌）829

Part 2 Bladder Cancer（膀胱癌）833

Section 6 Renal Failure（肾功能衰竭）838

Part 1 Acute Renal Failure（急性肾功能衰竭）840

Part 2 Chronic Renal Failure（慢性肾功能衰竭）843

Chapter 12 Problems of the Neurological System（神经系统疾病）855

Section 1 Increased Intracranial Pressure（颅内高压症）855

Section 2 Cerebral Vascular Accident（CVA，脑血管意外）870

Section 3 Spinal Cord Injuries（脊髓损伤）885

Section 4 Bell Palsy（Bell麻痹）898

Section 5 Trigeminal Neuralgia（三叉神经痛）907

Section 6 Parkinson's Disease（帕金森病）913

Section 7 Myasthenia Gravis（重症肌无力）924

Section 8 Guillain-Barré Syndrome（格林-巴利综合征）935

Chapter 13 Burns（烧伤）943

Chapter 14 Eye and Vision Disorders（眼睛和视力疾病）964

Section 1 Impaired Vision（视力损害）964

Part 1 Refractive Errors（屈光不正）971

Part 2 Low Vision and Blindness（低视力和盲）976

Section 2 Glaucoma（青光眼）984

Section 3 Cataracts（白内障）990

Section 4 Corneal Disorders（角膜疾病）995

Section 5 Retinal Disorders（视网膜疾病）1000

Part 1 Retinal Det Achment（视网膜脱离）1000

Part 2 Retinal Vascular Disorders（视网膜血管病）1002

Part 3 Macular Degeneration（黄斑变性）1003

Section 6 Orbital and Ocular Trauma（眼眶和眼外伤）1005

Part 1 Orbital Trauma（眼眶创伤）1005

Part 2 Ocular Trauma（眼外伤）1007

Part 3 Ocular Burns（眼烧伤）1009

Section 7 Infectious and Inflammatory Conditions（感染和炎症）1010

Part 1 Dry Eye Syndrome（干眼综合征）1011

Part 2 Conjunctivitis（结膜炎）1012

Part 3 Uveitis（色素膜炎）1016

Part 4 Orbital Cellulitis（眶蜂窝织炎）1017

Section 8 Orbital and Ocular Tumors and Surgical Procedures（眼眶和眼肿瘤及外科手术）1018

Part 1 Benign Tumors of the Orbit（眼眶良性肿瘤）1018

Part 2 Benign Tumors of the Eyelids（眼睑良性肿瘤）1018

Part 3 Benign Tumors of the Conjunctiva（结膜良性肿瘤）1019

Part 4 Malignant Tumors of the Orbit（眶恶性肿瘤）1019

Part 5 Malignant Tumors of the Eyelids（眼睑恶性肿瘤）1020

Part 6 Malignant Tumors of the Conjunctiva（结膜恶性肿瘤）1021

Part 7 Malignant Tumor of the Globe:Ocular Melanoma（眼球恶性肿瘤：黑素瘤）1021

Part 8 Surgical Procedures and Enucleation（眼手术和眼球剜出术）1022

Chapter 15 Hearing and Balance Disorders（听力和平衡疾病）1026

Section 1 Hearing Loss（听觉丧失）1026

Section 2 Conditions of the External Ear（外耳疾病）1037

Part 1 Cerumen Impaction（耵聍填塞）1037

Part 2 Foreign Bodies（耳道异物）1038

Part 3 External Otitis（Otitis Externa，外耳炎）1038

Part 4 Malignant External Otitis（恶性外耳炎）1039

Part 5 Masses of the External Ear（外耳肿块）1040

Section 3 Conditions of the Middle Ear（中耳疾病）1040

Part 1 Tympanic Membrane Perforation（鼓膜穿孔）1040

Part 2 Acute Otitis Media（急性中耳炎）1041

Part 3 Serous Otitis Media（浆液性中耳炎）1042

Part 4 Chronic Otitis Media（慢性中耳炎）1043

Part 5 Otosclerosis（耳硬化症）1046

Part 6 Middle Ear Masses（中耳肿块）1046

Section 4 Conditions of the Inner Ear（内耳疾病）1048

Part 1 Motion Sickness（运动病）1048

Part 2 Meniere's Disease（梅尼埃病）1049

Part 3 Labyrinthitis（迷路炎）1050

Part 4 Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo（良性阵发性位置性眩晕）1050

Part 5 Ototoxicity（耳毒性）1051

Part 6 Acoustic Neuroma（听神经瘤）1052