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前言1

1 Introduction Hu Cui and Ming Jianxiong1

1．1 Definition and content1

1．2 Principal theoretical basis1

Preface1

1 绪论* 胡萃 闵建雄1

1．2 法医昆虫学的主要理论依据1

1．1 法医昆虫学的定义和内容1

1．3 History2

1．3 法医昆虫学历史2

1．4 法医昆虫学现状4

1．4 Present status4

1．5 法医昆虫学展望5

1．5 Prospects5

1．6 On the establishment of modern forensic entomology in China in the near future6

1．6 尽快建立我国的现代法医昆虫学6

2．1 Role of insects in corpse decomposition8

2 Insects and Corpse Decomposition Hu Cui and Ming Jianxiong8

2 昆虫与尸体分解 胡萃 闵建雄8

2．1 昆虫在尸体分解中的重要作用8

2．3 Food webs of organisms associated with corpse10

2．2 自尸体开始的食物网10

2．3 Principal insect groups frequently associated with carrion11

2．3 尸体上的主要昆虫类群11

3 The Faunal Succession on Cadavers Hu Cui and Ma Yukun22

3．1 Postmortem phenomena22

3 尸体上的昆虫区系演替 胡萃 马玉堃22

3．1 尸体现象22

3．2 暴露尸体23

3．2 Exposed corpses23

3．3 Buried corpses41

3．3 土埋尸体41

3．4 水淹尸体47

3．4 Corpses immersed in water47

3．5 火烧尸体55

3．5 Burnt bodies55

3．6 Mummy56

3．7 Influencing factors56

3．6 干尸56

3．7 影响因子56

4．1 双翅目概说66

4 Diptera with Forensic Importance Hu Cui and Wang Jiangfeng66

4．1 General considerations66

4 具法医学意义的双翅目昆虫 胡萃 王江峰66

4．2 Trichoceridae(=Petauristidae)75

4．2 冬大蚊科Trichoceridae(=Petauristidae)75

4．3 毛蠓科Psychodidae77

4．3 Psychodidae77

4．5 蚤蝇科Phoridae78

4．4 Stratiomyidae78

4．5 Phoridae78

4．4 水虻科Stratiomydae78

4．6 Syrphidae80

4．6 食蚜蝇科Syrphidae80

4．8 日蝇科Heleomyzidae(=Helomyzidae)82

4．8 Heleomyzidae(=Helomyzidae)82

4．7 Coelopidae82

4．7 扁蝇科Coelopidae82

4．9 Sphaeroceridae(=Borboridae)83

4．9 小粪蝇科Sphaeroceridae(=Borboridae)83

4．10 Dryomyzidae87

4．11 Sepsidae87

4．10 圆头蝇科Dryomyzidae87

4．11 鼓翅蝇科Sepsidae87

4．12 酪蝇科Piophilidae89

4．12 Piophilidae89

4．13 Milichiidae91

4．13 叶蝇科Milichirdae91

4．14 Ephydridae(=Hydrellidae, Notiphilidae)93

4．14 水蝇科Ephydridae(=Hydrellidae, Notiphilidae)93

4．15 Drosophilidae94

4．15 果蝇科Drosophilidae94

4．16 Muscidae96

4．16 蝇科Muscidae96

4．17 丽蝇科Calliphoridae112

4．17 Calliphoridae112

4．18 Sarcophagidae160

4．18 麻蝇科Sarcophagidae160

5 Coleoptera with Forensic Importance Hu Cui and Ma Yukun173

5．1 General considerations173

5．1 鞘翅目概说173

5 具法医学意义的鞘翅目昆虫 胡萃 马玉堃173

5．2 Carabidae174

5．2 步甲科Carabidae174

5．3 Hydrophilidae176

5．3 水龟虫科Hydrophilidae176

5．4 阎甲科Histeridae177

5．4 Histeridae177

5．5 埋葬甲科Silphidae179

5．5 Silphidae179

5．6 隐翅甲科Staphylinidae180

5．6 Staphylinidae180

5．7 Scarabaeidae182

5．7 金龟甲科Scarabaeidae182

5．9 Aphodiidae183

5．9 蜉金龟科Aphodiidae183

5．8 Geotrupidae183

5．8 粪金龟科Geotrupidae183

5．11 Dermestidae184

5．10 Trogidae184

5．10 皮金龟科Trogidae184

5．11 皮蠹科Dermestidae184

5．12 Ptinidae191

5．12 蛛甲科Ptinidae191

5．13 Cleridae192

5．13 郭公甲科Cleridae192

5．14 Nitidulidae194

5．15 Tenebrionidae194

5．14 露尾甲科Nitidulidae194

5．15 拟步甲科Tenebrionidae194

5．16 蚁形甲科Anthicidae(=Notoxidae)195

5．17 唼蜡虫科Rhizophagidae195

5．16 Anthicidae(=Notoxidae)195

5．17 Rhizophagidae195

5．18 Miscellaneous families196

5．18 其他鞘翅目昆虫196

6 Lepidoptera with Forensic Importance Hu Cui and Ding Hong198

6．1 General considerations198

6 具法医学意义的鳞翅目昆虫 胡萃 丁宏198

6．1 鳞翅目概说198

6．2 Pyralidae200

6．2 螟蛾科Pyralidae200

6．3 Tineidae203

6．3 谷蛾科Tineidae203

6．4 织叶蛾科Oecophoridea(=Depressaridae)206

6．4 Oecophoridae(=Depressaridae)206

7．2 Vespidae and other predatory wasps207

7 Hymenoptera with Forensic Importance Hu Cui and Li Juntao207

7 具法医学意义的膜翅目昆虫 胡萃 李俊涛207

7．1 膜翅目概说207

7．2 胡蜂科及其他捕食性蜂类207

7．1 General considerations207

7．3 蜜蜂科Apidae209

7．3 Apidae209

7．4 蚁科Formicidae210

7．4 Formicidae210

7．5 寄生蜂211

7．5 Parasitic wasps211

8 Other Orders with Forensic Importance Hu Cui216

8 具法医学意义的其他目昆虫 胡萃216

8．1 弹尾目Collembola216

8．1 Collembola216

8．2 蜚蠊目Blattaria217

8．2 Blattaria217

8．4 直翅目Orthoptera218

8．3 等翅目Isoptera218

8．4 Orthoptera218

8．3 Isoptera218

8．5 Dermaptera219

8．5 革翅目Dermaptera219

8．6 Anoplura220

8．6 虱目Anoplura220

8．7 Hemiptera220

8．7 半翅目Hemiptera220

8．8 Siphonaptera224

8．8 蚤目Siphonaptera224

9．1 Arachnida226

9．1 蛛形纲Arachnida226

9 Other Arthropods with Forensic Importance Hu Cui226

9 具法医学意义的其他节肢动物 胡萃226

9．2 甲壳纲Crustacea228

9．3 重足纲Diplopoda228

9．2 Crustacea228

9．3 Diplopoda228

10．1 Collecting equipment230

10 法医昆虫标本的采集、保存及饲养 胡萃 徐长苗230

10．1 采集用品230

10 Collection, Preservation and Rearing of Forensic Insects Hu Cui and Xu Changmiao230

10．2 Collection of entomological evidence at the death scene234

10．2 死亡现场的标本采集234

10．3 尸体解剖中的标本采集236

10．3 Collection of entomological specimens during autopsy236

10．4 土埋尸体的标本采集237

10．4 Collection of specimens from buried remains237

10．5 密闭结构中的标本采集238

10．5 Collection of specimens from enclosed structures238

10．6 Collection of specimens from aquatic habitats239

10．6 水生生境中的标本采集239

10．7 分离240

10．7 Processing litter and soil samples240

10．8 保存液241

10．8 Solutions for killing and preserving insects241

10．9 Rearing procedures for flies242

10．9 蝇类的饲养242

10．10 Rearing of aquatic insects245

10．10 水生昆虫的饲养245

11 Application of Entomological Evidence Hu Cui and Chen Yi Charlie247

11．1 Estimate of the time of death247

11．1 死亡时间估计247

11 昆虫学证据的实际应用 胡萃 陈益247

11．2 Determining manner of death267

11．2 死亡原因分析267

11．3 Determining movement of the corpse from one site to another268

11．3 死亡场所与抛尸场所推断268

11．4 Miscellaneous application269

11．4 其他269

12．1 Modern techniques for micro-analysis271

12 Application of Modern Techniques in Forensic Entomology Hu Cui and Ye Gongyin271

12 现代新技术在法医昆虫学中的应用 胡萃 叶恭银271

12．1 现代微量分析技术271

12．2 Electron microscopy292

12．2 电子显微技术292

12．3 Computer technique298

12．3 电子计算机技术298

12．4 Molecular detection technique303

12．4 分子检测技术303

References Ye Congyin and Hu Cui310

参考文献 叶恭银 胡萃310

Index to Chinese Names Ye Gongyin and Hu Cui320

中名索引 叶恭银 胡萃320

Index to Scientific Names Ye Gongyin and Hu Cui327

拉丁名索引 叶恭银 胡萃327

Appendix 1 Glossary of Special Terms Ye Gongyin and Hu Cui337

附录1 法医昆虫学上常用术语解释 叶恭银 胡萃337

Appendix 2 A List of English-Chinese Special Terms Ye Gongyin and Hu Cui355

附录2 法医昆虫学上常用术语英汉对照表 叶恭银 胡萃355