EUROPEAN PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTSPDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本下载

EUROPEAN PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTSPDF格式电子书版下载

注意：本站所有压缩包均有解压码： 点击下载压缩包解压工具

Chapter 1 The European Protection of Human Rights in a Historical and International Context1

1.The Main Problems Concerning Protection of Human Rights1

2.National Efforts2

3.Growing Internationalization4

4.Creation of Multilateral Protection Instruments5

4.1 Under the auspices of the United Nations6

4.1.1 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights7

4.1.2 The UN covenants on Human Rights9

4.1.3 The UN protection machinery9

4.2 Under the auspices of the Council of Europe11

4.2.1 What rights are protected under the Convention12

4.2.2 The protection machinery13

4.2.2.1 The organs13

4.2.2.2 A petition is required14

4.2.2.3 The admissibility stage15

4.2.2.4 The Commission's examination on the merit stage15

4.2.2.5 How to reach a binding decision16

4.2.2.6 Conclusion17

5.Subject of the Present Study17

Chapter 2 The Individual Right of Petition20

1.Optional Part of the Protection System20

2.Effective Exercise of the Individual Right of Petition24

2.1 The hindrance practice25

3.The Character of the Right to Exercise Effectively the Individual Right of Petition27

Chapter 3 The Right of States to Bring an Application Before the Commission34

Chapter 4 Procedure38

1.Introduction38

2.Introduction and Registration of Applications39

2.1 Pre-registration39

2.2 The content of an application42

2.3 Language43

2.4 Representation44

2.5 Determination of certain dates44

3.Handling of Registered Cases45

3.1 Rapporteur45

3.2 Full Commission46

3.3 Involvement of the defendant State47

3.4 Legal aid49

3.5 Order of proceedings50

3.6 The Commission can strike a case off the list of cases50

3.7 An application can be restored to the list of cases51

3.8 Interim measures?52

3.9 Is the procedure secret?53

4.Decision on Admissibility53

4.1 Quorum53

4.2 Decision54

4.3 Joined to the merit54

4.4 Communication of the decision to the parties54

5.The Final Character of the Admissibility Decision55

5.1 The main rule55

5.2 Article 29 (Third Protocol)55

5.3 When joined to the merit57

5.4 The Court vis-a-vis the admissibility rules57

6.Especially about State Applications59

Chapter 5 Admissibility in General61

1.Survey of the Rules61

2.State and Individual Applications63

3.Interpretation of Various Formulations63

4.Can Other Grounds for Inadmissibility be Applied?64

5.Precedence Among the Grounds for Inadmissibility?67

6.Abuse of the Individual Right of Petition68

7.Survey of Chapters 6-971

Chapter 6 Grounds for Inadmissibility Mainly Relating to the Introduction of an Application72

1.Anonymous Petitions72

2.Competence Ratione Personae73

2.1 Active legitimation73

2.1.1 Individual applications74

2.1.1.1 In general74

2.1.1.2 An individual applicant must claim to be the victim of a violation76

2.1.2 State applications85

2.2 Passive legitimation87

2.2.1 Individual applications87

2.2.2 Particularly about State applications93

3.Competence Ratione Loci93

4.Competence Ratione Temporis97

4.1 The general rules98

4.2 Continuing violation100

4.3 Particularly about the introduction of individual applications100

4.4 Particularly about the introduction of State applications101

4.5 Problems relating to expiry102

4.5.1 Expiry of the Convention102

4.5.2 Expiry of the competence to receive individual applications104

Chapter 7 Conditions to be Fulfilled Before an Application can be Admitted105

1.Exhaustion of National Remedies105

1.1 Introduction105

1.2 Problems relating to the burden of proof108

1.3 What kinds of remedies must be exhausted111

1.4 Special circumstances which absolve the applicant from exhaustion121

1.5 Does the exhaustion rule apply where an application is directed against legislative measures or an administrative practice?122

1.6 The remedies available must be properly exhausted131

1.7 Especially about State applications133

1.8 Especially about indirect victims vis-a-vis the exhaustion rule134

2.The Six-Months Time Limit134

2.1 Introduction134

2.2 The beginning of the time limit135

2.3 Expiry of the time limit138

2.4 Interruption or suspension of the time limit139

2.5 The six-months rule vis-a-vis additional facts or complaints140

Chapter 8 Applications Previously Examined or Under Examination141

1.Introduction141

2.Equivalent Cases142

3.Already Examined by the Commission143

4.Ne bis in idem When the Matter Has Been Submitted to Another Procedure of International Investigation or Settlement144

5.Relevant New Information150

Chapter 9 Grounds for Inadmissibility Mainly Relating to the Substance of an Application153

1.Introduction153

2.Incompatibility Ratione Materiae155

2.1 General outline of the practice of the Commission156

2.1.1 Rights mainly of an economic and social character156

2.1.2 Citizenship and the right to reside in a particular country157

2.1.3 The functioning of the legal machinery in the member countries158

2.1.4 Prison conditions159

2.1.5 Fair trial-field of application160

2.1.6 Reservations under Article 64 of the Convention163

2.2 Conclusions166

3.Manifestly Ill-founded167

3.1 Introduction167

3.2 The historical background of the rule167

3.3 Interpretation of the term manifestly ill-founded in the early practice of the Commission169

3.4 Rejection because of lack of proof170

3.5 Rejection after an evaluation of law172

3.5.1 The Iversen case172

3.5.2 Complaints under Articles 5 and 6 of the Convention175

3.5.3 Complaints under Article 8 of the Convention177

3.6 The "global formula"178

3.7 Conclusions178

4.The Commission's Examination of the Substance of an Application on the Admissibility Stage178

Chapter 10 General Conclusions and Suggestions181

Appendix 1.The European Convention on Human Rights and the first,second and fourth Protocols thereto186

Appendix 2.European Agreement relating to Persons Participating in Proceedings of the European Commission and Court of Human Rights206

Appendix 3.Rules of Procedure of the European Commission of Human Rights211

Appendix 4.Application Form226

Appendix 5.Notice for the attention of persons wishing to apply to the European Commission of Human Rights229

Appendix 6.Formula letters used by the European Commission of Human Rights234

Selective Bibliography247

Table of Cases251