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语言与交际 语言学概论 英文版PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本下载
- 张迈曾主编；郑荣萱，张青编著 著
- 出版社： 天津：南开大学出版社
- ISBN：7310011880
- 出版时间：1988
- 标注页数：373页
- 文件大小：15MB
- 文件页数：396页
- 主题词：
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图书目录
Chapter 1 Language,Meaning and Context: Pragmatics1
Pragmatic Meaning1
Context2
Presupposition as Shared Knowledge6
Preface7
Paving the Way9
Implicature9
Defining Properties of Language10
Cooperative Principle12
Conversational Maxims13
An Overview of Modern Linguistics13
Speech Acts14
Why speech acts?14
The distinction between doing and saying16
Classification of illocutionary acts18
Language and Communication19
Nonverbal Communication20
Felicity conditions for illocutionary acts20
Direct and indirect illocutionary acts22
Politeness in Language24
The notion of face25
Positive politeness vs. negative politeness26
Pragmatic Failure in Cross-Cultural Communication27
Recommended Readings29
Exercises30
Chapter 2 The Sound System of Language:Phonology35
Vocal Tract35
The Phonetic Alphabet36
Classification and Description of the Speech Sounds39
Consonants40
Vowels43
Minimal Pairs48
The Phoneme49
Phonological Rules51
Suprasegmentals53
Recommended Readings60
Exercises60
Chapter 3 The Analysis of Word Structure:Morphology69
The Nature of Words69
Morpheme Classification71
Allomorphs78
Features of Morphemes80
Word Formation83
Exercises97
Recommended Readings97
Chapter 4 The Analysis of Meaning: Semantics101
Meanings of Meaning102
Approaches to the study of meaning102
Meaning-carriers104
Types of meaning106
Words and Their Meanings107
Ambiguity revisited107
Semantic normality and abnormality109
Types of Sense Relations of Words110
Syntagmatic relationships111
Paradigmatic relationships115
Semantic Field122
Componential Analysis123
Idioms125
Recommended Readings125
Exercises126
Chapter 5 The Structure of Sentence:Syntax131
Immediate Constituent133
Phrase Structure Rules139
Transformation151
Current Approaches to the Study of Syntax173
X-bar theory175
Alpha movement181
Island constraints196
Recommended Readings202
Exercises203
Chapter 6 Language Change207
Language Change and Historical Linguistics208
Family tree hypothesis210
Grimm's Law214
Wave theory214
Aspects of Language Change216
Phonological change216
Morphological change218
Lexical change222
Semantic change224
Syntactic change225
Reasons for Language Change228
Language Typology231
Isolating, agglutinative and inflectional231
Word order234
Recommended Readings235
Exercises235
Chapter 7 Language Variation241
Code Switching242
New York City study248
Variation and Social Class248
Social stratification in other communities250
The consensus view vs. the conflict view of social class253
Variation and Social Network255
Variation and Gender259
Gender and sociolinguistic variation261
Gender differences in conversation265
Gender differences in interactional strategies267
Two Approaches to Gender Variation: Dominance or Difference?270
Language and the Social Construction of Gender275
Variation and Style277
Style as attention paid to speech277
Style as audience design279
Speaker-based approaches to style281
Variation and Language Change284
Change in real and apparent time285
Origin and propagation of change286
Recommended Readings292
Exercises292
Chapter 8 Language Acquisition295
First Language Acquisition295
Stages in first language acquisition297
Issues in first language acquisition314
Second Language Acquisition328
Issues in second language acquisition329
Recommended Readings333
Exercises334
References335
Glossary347
Subject Index367