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非相对论量子力学基础PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本下载
- L.Sobrino 著
- 出版社： 北京;西安：世界图书出版公司
- ISBN：7506247186
- 出版时间：2000
- 标注页数：332页
- 文件大小：43MB
- 文件页数：346页
- 主题词：
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图书目录
Ⅰ．INTRODUCTION1
1．Description of experiments1
2．The concept of physical system3
3．Preparation and measurement6
Ⅱ．STATES AND OBSERVABLES10
1．States and amplitudes10
2．An example:spin 1/214
3．Observables20
4．The density operator24
Ⅲ．COMMENSURABILITY30
1．The spin example continued30
2．Different kinds of measurement32
3．Commensurable observables34
4．The uncertainty relation38
Ⅳ．DYNAMICS40
1．The dynamical postulate40
2．Schr？dinger, Heisenberg and mixed pictures43
3．An aside on functions of several observables47
4．The hamiltonian50
5．Equations of motion in the different pictures53
6．An example58
Ⅴ．GENERAL FORMULATION62
1．Generalization of the basic postulates62
2．Dirac's formulation65
3．Kinematical symmetries68
4．The dynamics under a kinematical symmetry69
5．The galilean transformations as kinematical symmetries72
6．The generators of kinematical galilean transformations78
7．Superselection rules86
Ⅵ．A PARTICLE IN ONE DIMENSION89
1．A particle without spin89
2．The momentum operator92
3．The velocity,the mass and the hamiltonian94
4．An example:the harmonic oscillator98
5．A particle in a constant force field102
Ⅶ．A SPINLESS PARTICLE IN THREE DIMENSIONS106
1．Position,momentum and the hamiltonian106
2．Rotations,the orbital angular momentum110
3．The angular momentum commutation relations112
4．Spectral resolution of the orbital angular momentum116
5．The free particle119
6．The Wigner distribution function121
7．The harmonic oscillator123
8．The spinless particle in a general coordinate system125
9．The particle in a central field130
Ⅷ．DYNAMICAL SYMMETRIES AND CONSERVATION LAWS133
1．The dynamical symmetry transformations of quantum mechanics133
2．Unitary transformations and constants of the motion135
3．Space inversion,the parity observable139
4．Time reversal142
5．The galilean transformations as dynamical symmetries145
Ⅸ．A PARTICLE WITH SPIN152
1．Internal degrees of freedom and galilean invariance152
2．Spin and rotations156
3．The particle with spin160
4．The hamiltonian of a particle with spin165
5．Example:a neutral particle in a magnetic field171
Ⅹ．SYSTEMS COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT SUBSYSTEMS175
1．The description of systems formed by different subsystems176
2．A system of two different particles177
3．Some useful representations186
4．The state of a subsystem190
5．Example:states of a particle in a magnetic field195
Ⅺ．SYSTEMS OF IDENTICAL PARTICLES202
1．The description of systems formed by two identical subsystems202
2．Example:a system of two identical particles209
3．The description of systems of many identical particles213
4．Number representation of systems of identical particles222
5．An assembly of bosons223
6．An assembly of fermions230
APPENDIX A.FINITE-DIMENSIONAL VECTOR SPACES234
1．Basic definitions234
2．Operators in unitary spaces237
3．The spectral theorem244
4．The tensor product252
5．Antilinear operators259
6．Wigner's theorem260
APPENDIX B.THE HILBERT SPACE264
1．Basic definitions,unbounded operators264
2．The spectral theorem267
3．Function space representation278
APPENDIX C.DIRAC'S FORMULATION IN THE HILBERT SPACE281
1．Tempered distributions281
2．Generalization to an arbitrary Hilbert space301
3．Dirac's formulation303
APPENDIX D.A REMINDER FROM CLASSICAL MECHANICS312
1．Canonical transformations312
2．A reminder from classical mechanics316
NOTES320
BIBLIOGRAPHY325
INDEX328