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Contents1

Chapter One General Introduction to International Trade Practices 国际贸易实务简介1

1.1 The Concept of International Trade Practices 国际贸易实务的定义1

1.1.1 International trade 国际贸易1

1.1.2 International trade transaction 国际贸易实务2

1.1.3 Export transactions based on a contract of sale 以销售合同为基础的出口贸易2

1.1.4 Export transactions based on the supply of manpower and techniques 以劳动力和技术为基础的出口贸易3

1.2 The Export Transaction 出口贸易3

1.2.1 The concept of the export transaction 出口贸易的概念3

1.2.2 The parties and the means involved in the export transaction 出口贸易的当事人及所涉及的方式5

Chapter Two The International Sale of Goods 国际货物买卖12

2.1 International Trade Terms 国际贸易术语12

2.1.1 Introduction to trade terms 国际贸易术语介绍13

2.1.2 Incoterms 2000 国际贸易术语解释通则200014

2.2 Formation of Contract 合同的形成25

2.2.1 The negotiations 谈判26

2.2.2 The offer 询盘26

2.2.3 The acceptance 接受27

2.3 Performance of the Contract 合同的执行28

2.3.1 Delivery of the goods 货物的运输28

2.3.2 Passing of the property 所有权的转移28

2.3.3 Passing of the risk 风险的转移28

2.4 Acceptance and Rejection of Goods 货物的接受与拒绝29

2.4.1 Examination of goods 货物的检验29

2.4.2 Acceptance of goods 货物的接受29

2.5 Frustration of Contract 合同的落空30

2.4.5 The right of resale 转售的权利30

2.4.4 The rights of the unpaid seller 货款未收到的卖主的权利30

2.4.3 Rejection of goods 货物的拒绝30

2.5.1 Legal meanings of frustration 落空的法律含义31

2.5.2 Conditions upon which the contract is frustrated 合同落空的情况32

2.5.3 Effect of frustration 合同落空的影响37

2.6 Invoices and Packing 发票和包装39

2.6.1 Invoices 发票39

2.6.2 Packing 包装41

2.7 Product Liability 对产品质量的责任42

2.7.1 The basis of product liability 对产品质量承担责任的依据42

2.7.2 Liability arising from the contract of sale 由销售合同所引起的产品质量责任43

2.7.3 Defenses 保护措施43

2.7.5 Product liability insurance 产品质量责任保险44

2.7.4 Damages 损失44

Chapter Three Finance of Exports 出口融资55

3.1 Bill of Exchange 汇票55

3.1.1 Payment on open account 往来账户支付56

3.1.2 Payment by bills of exchange 汇票支付56

3.2 Collection Arrangements 托收60

3.2.1 The uniform rules for collections 托收的统一规则60

3.2.2 Dishonor 拒收61

3.3 Letter of Credit 信用证63

3.3.1 Characteristics of a letter of credit 信用证的特点63

3.3.2 Kinds of letters of credit 信用证的种类65

3.3.3 Anomalous letter of credit situations 不规则的信用证67

3.4.2 Classification of bank guarantee 银行担保的种类69

3.4.1 Definition of bank guarantee 银行担保的定义69

3.4 Bank Guarantees 银行担保69

Chapter Four Transportation of Export 出口运输79

4.1 Carriage of Goods by Sea 海洋货物运输79

4.1.1 The course of business in the carriage of goods by sea 海洋货物运输的程序79

4.1.2 The contract of carriage by sea 海洋运输合同80

4.1.3 Bills of lading 提单82

4.1.4 The liability of the carrier 承运人的责任84

4.1.5 Expected perils 预期的危险84

4.1.6 Proceedings by the cargo owner 货主的诉讼86

4.2 Container Transport 集装箱运输86

4.2.1 The course of business in container transport 集装箱运输的程序86

4.2.3 Legal problems of container transport 集装箱运输的法律问题88

4.2.2 Container leasing agreement 集装箱租赁合同88

4.2.4 The documents used in container transport—the combined transport document 集装箱运输中使用的单据——联运单据89

4.3 Carriage of Goods by Air 航空运输89

4.3.1 When it may be used 需用空运的情况89

4.3.2 The course of business in the carriage of goods by air90

4.3.3 Document of carriage 航空运单90

Chapter Five Insurance of Goods in Transit 国际货运保险99

5.1 Marine and Aviation Insurance 海运和空运保险99

5.1.1 Marine insurance 海运保险99

5.1.2 Air cargo insurance 空运保险103

5.2 Export Credit Guarantees 出口信贷担保103

5.2.1 The export credits guarantee department 出口信贷担保部门104

5.2.2 Facilities offered by the export credits guarantee department 出口信贷担保部门提供的业务104

6.1.1 The difference between ADR and arbitration 选择性争端裁决与仲裁的区别115

6.1 International Commercial Litigation—Arbitration 国际商务诉讼——仲裁115

Chapter Six International Commercial Dispute Resolution 国际商务争端的解决115

6.1.2 General aspects of arbitration 仲裁的基本内容116

6.1.3 International arbitration 国际仲裁118

6.2 The Dispute Settlement Procedure of WTO 世界贸易组织解决争端的程序124

6.2.1 Exporter's standing 出口商的身份124

6.2.2 The law relating to WTO disputes 与国际贸易组织争端有关的法律125

Chapter Seven Marketing Organizations Abroad 海外营销机构131

7.1 Agency Arrangements 代理机构的安排131

7.1.1 Self-employed agents abroad 自雇的海外代理131

7.1.2 The nature of the contract of agency 代理机构合同的特征132

7.1.3 The agent's authority 代理人的职权132

7.1.4 Rights and obligations of the agent and the principal 代理人和委托人的权利与义务134

7.1.5 Special types of the agents 特殊的代理人136

7.2.1 General understanding of branch offices and subsidiaries abroad 海外分支机构和子公司的基本概念142

7.2 Branch Offices and Subsidiaries Abroad—Foreign Acquisitions 海外分支机构和子公司的购置142

7.2.2 Dealings between branch offices abroad 海外分支机构之间的交易143

7.2.3 Subsidiary companies abroad 海外子公司143

7.2.4 Foreign acquisitions 海外购置144

7.3 Sole Distribution Agreements,Licensing Agreements and Franchising 独家经销协议、许可证协议及特许经营权145

7.3.1 Sole distribution agreements 独家经销协议145

7.3.2 Licensing agreements 许可证协议149

7.3.3 Franchising 特许经营权149

Chapter Eight Electronic Commerce and EDI 电子商务及电子数据交换155

8.1 What Are Electronic Commerce and EDI 什么是电子商务和电子数据交换155

8.2 Standardization of EDI Methods of Communication 电子数据交换方式的规范化156

8.3 Other Legal Issues 其他的法律问题157

8.4 Electronic Communications Act 电子通信法令159