Cisco OSPF命令与配置手册PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本下载

Cisco OSPF命令与配置手册PDF格式电子书版下载

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第1章 OSPF进程配置命令1

1.1 router ospf process-id1

配置示例：激活OSPF进程1

1.2 route ospf process-id vrf name3

第2章 OSPF Area命令7

2.1 area area-id authentication7

配置示例：简单密码认证XSH8

2.2 area area-id authentication message-digest14

配置示例1：MD5密码认证15

配置示例2：更改密钥和密码19

2.3 area area-id default-cost cost23

配置示例：设置通告进stub区域的默认路由的OSPF开销值23

2.4 area area-id nssa28

配置示例：配置OSPF NSSA区域29

2.5 area area-id nssa default-infromation-originate34

配置示例：将OSPF NSSA默认路由通告进OSPF NSSA35

2.6 area area-id nssa no-redistribution41

配置示例：不让经过重分发的路由进入OSPF NSSA区域42

2.7 area area-id nssa no-summary50

配置示例：创建Totally Stubby NSSA区域51

2.8 area area-id range ip-address mask57

2.9 area area-id range ip-address mask advertise57

2.10 area area-id range ip-address mask not-advertise57

配置示例1：将OSPF常规（非0）区域的路由汇总通告进OSPF骨干区域57

配置示例2：将OSPF骨干区域的路由汇总通告进OSPF常规（非0）区域60

配置示例3：针对OSPF汇总路由，设置指向NULL0的静态路由62

2.11 area area-id stub64

配置示例：配置OSPF stub区域65

2.12 area area-id stub no-summary69

配置示例：配置OSPFtotally stubby区域69

2.13 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id73

配置示例：建立OSPF虚电路73

2.14 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id authentication authentication-key password79

2.15 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id authentication message-digest79

2.16 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id authentication null80

配置示例1：虚链路上的简单密码认证80

配置示例2：虚链路上的MD5认证85

配置示例3：更改密钥和密码87

配置示例4：Null（虚）认证89

2.17 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id authentication-key password92

配置示例：虚链路上的简单密码认证92

2.18 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id dead-interval seconds98

配置示例：修改通过虚链路发送的OSPF hello数据包所含的router dead interval字段值98

2.19 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id hello-interval seconds103

配置示例：修改通过虚链路发送的OSPF hello数据包所含的hello interval字段值103

2.20 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id message-digest-key key-id md5 password108

配置示例1：虚链路上的MD5认证109

配置示例2：更改密钥和密码113

2.21 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id retransmit-interval seconds115

配置示例：更改通过虚链路发送的LSA的retransmit-interval值115

2.22 area transit-area-id virtual-link router-id transmit-delay seconds120

配置示例：更改虚链路两端的transmit-delay值121

第3章 Auto Cost125

3.1 anto-cost reference-bandwidth bandwidth125

配置示例：全局性修改OSPF接口的开销值126

第4章 生成默认路由135

4.1 default-information originate135

配置示例：将默认路由通告进OSPF路由进程域135

4.2 default-information originate always138

配置示例：无条件地将默认路由通告进OSPF路由进程域138

4.3 default-information originate metric cost140

4.4 default-information originate always metric cost140

配置示例：将默认路由无条件地通告进OSPF路由进程域141

4.5 default-information originate metric-type type144

4.6 default-information originate always metric-type type144

配置示例：设置默认路由的OSPF度量类型144

4.7 default-information originate route-map route-map-name147

配置示例：利用route-map有条件地通告默认路由148

第5章 为经过重分发的路由设置默认度量155

5.1 default-metric cost155

配置示例：为经过重分发的路由设置默认开销值155

第6章 管理距离161

6.1 distance administrative-distance161

配置示例：调整管理距离值，影响路由器对最优路由的选择161

6.2 distance administrative-distance source-ip-address source-ip-mask165

6.3 distance administrative-distance source-ip-address source-ip-mask access-list-number165

配置示例1：调整学自特定OSPF邻居的所有路由的管理距离值166

配置示例2：调整学自特定OSPF邻居的特定路由的管理距离值169

6.4 distance ospf external administrative-distance170

6.5 distance ospf inter-area administrative-distance170

6.6 distance ospf intra-area administrative-distance170

配置示例：根据路由类型，调整OSPF路由的管理距离171

第7章 用distribute-list过滤路由177

7.1 distribute-list access-list-number in177

配置示例：阻止学自OSPF的路由进驻IP路由表177

7.2 distribute-list access-list-number in interface-type interface-number181

配置示例：阻止通过特定接口学得的OSPF路由进驻IP路由表182

7.3 distribute-list access-list-number out186

7.4 distribute-list access-list-number out interface-type interface-number187

7.5 distribute-list access-list-number out routing-process187

配置示例：防止重分发进OSPF的路由“进驻”IP路由表188

7.6 distribute-list access-list-number in193

配置示例：防止学自OSPF的路由进驻IP路由表193

7.7 distribute-list access-list-name in interface-type interface-number197

配置示例：防止路由器将学自特定接口的OSPF路由安装进IP路由表197

7.8 distribute-list access-list-name out202

7.9 distribute-list access-list-name out interface-type interface-number202

7.10 distribute-list access-list-name out routing-process202

配置示例：阻止重分发进OSPF的路由进驻OSPF数据库203

7.11 distribute-list prefix prefix-list-name in208

配置示例：防止学自OSPF路由“进驻”IP选择表208

7.12 distribute-list prefix prefix-list-name in interface-type interface-number212

配置示例：阻止学自特定接口的OSPF路由进驻IP路由表212

7.13 distribute-list prefix prefix-list-name out217

7.14 distribute-list prefix prefix-list-name out interface-type interface-number217

7.15 distribute-list prefix prefix-list-name out routing-process218

配置示例：防止被重分发进OSPF的路由“进驻”OSPF数据库218

第8章 处理MOSPF LSA225

8.1 ignore lsa mospf225

第9章 记录OSPF邻接关系的改变227

9.1 log-adjacency-changes227

9.2 log adjacency-changes detail227

配置示例1：在控制台记录OSPF邻接状态的变化情况227

配置示例2：在内存中记录OSPF邻接状态的变化情况228

第10章 配置多路径231

10.1 maximum-paths number-of-paths231

配置示例：设置OSPF路由器可在IP路由表中安装的最多并行等价路径数231

第11章 OSPFneighbor命令237

11.1 neighbor ip-address237

配置示例1：在NBMA网络中，利用neighbor命令激活OSPF237

配置示例2：在Hub-to-Spoke（中心-分支）网络中配置OSPF邻居，且OSPF邻居的IP地址隶属于同一IP子网242

配置示例3：在Hub-to-Spoke（中心-分支）网络中配置OSPF邻居，且OSPF邻居的IP地址不属于同一IP子网246

11.2 neighbor ip-address cost cost249

配置示例：在OSPF网络类型为point-to-multipoint的接口上，修改针对OSPF邻居而设的开销值250

11.3 neighbor ip-address database-filter all out253

配置示例：降低冗余链路上的LSA泛洪量253

11.4 neighbor ip-address poll-interval interval255

配置示例：针对OSPF网络类型为NBMA的接口设置Poll Interval值256

11.5 neighbor ip-address priority priority258

配置示例：设置OSPF邻居的优先级258

第12章 OSPF network命令263

12.1 network ip-address wild-card-mask area area-id263

配置示例1：用主机地址作为本命令的参数，让相关路由器接口参与OSPF进程263

配置示例2：使用与接口所设IP地址相对应的网络／掩码作为OSPF network命令的参数265

配置示例3：使用更为宽泛的network命令（所含的逆向子网掩码参数更短），让多个路由器接口参与OSPF进程267

第13章 Passive OSPF接口271

13.1 passive-interface interface-name interface-number271

配置示例：配置Passive接口，降低网络中OSPF路由协议流量271

13.2 passive-interface default274

配置示例：接口多，邻居少的OSPF路由器274

第14章 路由重分发279

14.1 redistribute routing-process process-id279

14.2 redistribute routing-process process-id metricospf-metric279

14.3 redistribute routing-process process-id metric-type metric-type279

14.4 redistribute routing-process process-id subnets279

14.5 redistribute routing-process process-id tag tag-value279

配置示例1：以默认度量类型和度量值，将有类路由重分发进OSPF280

配置示例2：以默认度量类型和指定的度量值，将有类路由重分发进OSPF283

配置示例3：以默认度量类型和指定的度量值，将有类路由重分发进OSPF284

配置示例4：以指定的度量值，并以type1路由的形式将有类路由重分发进OSPF285

配置示例5：以指定的度量值，并以type1路由的形式，将子网路由重分发进OSPF287

配置示例6：以指定的度量值和路由标记值，并以type1路由的形式，将子网路由重分发进OSPF288

14.6 redistribute routing-process process-id route-map route-map-name290

配置示例1：根据IP地址，来控制路由的重分发290

配置示例2：用Route-Map调整经过重分发的路由的度量值294

配置示例3：用Route-Map，更改经过重分发的路由的度量类型295

配置示例4：用Route-Map，修改经过重分发的路由的标记值296

配置示例5：根据路由标记值，控制路由的重分发298

第15章 掌控OSPF Router-ID305

15.1 router-id ip-address305

配置示例：选择OSPF Router-ID305

第16章 汇总外部路由313

16.1 summary-address ip-address mask313

16.2 summary-address ip-address mask not-advertise313

配置示例：汇总被重分发进OSPF的路由313

16.3 summary-address ip-address mask tag value316

配置示例1：让ASBR生成的汇总路由附着路由标记316

配置示例2：用路由标记值，来掌控路由的重分发319

第17章 OSPF计时器323

17.1 timers lsa-group-pacing seconds323

配置示例：修改LSA组步调延迟值324

17.2 timers spf delay interval324

配置示例：更改SPF timer值325

第18章 流量负载均衡329

18.1 traffic-share min across-interfaces329

第19章 接口配置模式命令331

19.1 ip ospf authentication331

19.2 ip ospf authentication authentication-key password331

19.3 ip ospf authentication message-digest331

19.4 ip ospf authentication null331

配置示例1：OSPF网络中的简单密码认证331

配置示例2：在OSPF网络中启用MD5认证334

配置示例3：更改密钥和密码335

配置示例4：NULL（虚）认证336

19.5 ip ospf cost cost338

配置示例：更改接口的OSPF开销值339

19.6 ip ospf database-filter all out341

配置示例：降低冗余链路上的LSA泛洪量342

19.7 ip ospf dead-interval seconds344

配置示例：修改路由器接口所发OSPF Hello数据包的router dead interval字段值344

19.8 ip ospf demand-circuit347

配置示例：将Point-to-Point链路配置为OSPF demand-circuit347

19.9 ip ospf flood-reduction349

配置示例：在接口上激活ospf flood-reduction特性349

19.10 ip ospf hello-interval seconds352

配置示例：修改路由器接口所发OSPF Hello数据包的hello interval字段值352

19.11 ip ospf message-digest-key key-id md5 password355

配置示例1：开启OSPF接口的MD5认证功能355

配置示例2：修改密钥和密码358

19.12 ip ospf mtu-ignore360

配置示例：OSPF邻接关系和MTU不匹配360

19.13 ip ospf network broadcast364

配置示例1：在NBMA网络内形成全互连的OSPF邻居364

配置示例2：NBMA网络内形成部分互连的OSPF邻居368

19.14 ip ospf network non-broadcast375

19.15 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint375

19.16 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast375

配置示例1：Hub路由器端互连接口的OSPF网络类型为multipoint,Spoke路由器端互连接口的网络类型为Point-to-Point376

配置示例2：Hub和Spoke路由器互连接口两端的OSPF网络类型都为multipoint383

19.17 ip ospf network point-to-point385

配置示例：Hub和Spoke路由器互连接口两端的OSPF网络类型都为Point-to-Point385

19.18 ip ospf priority priority392

配置示例：“干涉”指定路由器（DR）的选举392

19.19 ip ospf retransmit-interval seconds395

配置示例：修改retransmit interval值395

19.20 ip ospf transmit-delay seconds398

配置示例：修改OSPF接口的transmit-delay值398

第20章 show命令401

20.1 show ip ospf401

20.2 show ip ospf process-id401

示例：显示OSPF进程信息401

20.3 show ip ospf border-routers403

20.4 show ip ospf process-id border-routers403

示例：显示通往OSPF边界路由器的路由信息403

20.5 show ip ospf database404

20.6 show ip ospf process-id database404

20.7 show ip ospf database adv-router router-id404

20.8 show ip ospf process-id database adv-router router-id404

20.9 show ip ospf database asbr-summary404

20.10 show ip ospf process-id database asbr-summary404

20.11 show ip ospf database asbr-summary asbr-id404

20.12 show ip ospf process-id database asbr-summary asbr-id405

20.13 show ip ospf database database-summary405

20.14 show ip ospf process-id database database-summary405

20.15 show ip ospf database external405

20.16 show ip ospf process-id database external405

20.17 show ip ospf database network405

20.18 show ip ospf process-id database network405

20.19 show ip ospf database nssa-external405

20.20 show ip ospf process-id database nssa-external405

20.21 show ip ospf database router405

20.22 show ip ospf process-id database router405

20.23 show ip ospf database self-originate405

20.24 show ip ospf process-id database self-originate405

20.25 show ip ospf database summary405

20.26 show ip ospf process-id database summary405

示例1：显示由指定OSPF路由器所通告的OSPF数据库信息406

示例2：显示描述OSPFASBR路由器的OSPF数据库信息（type 4 LSA）407

20.27 show ip ospf flood-list407

20.28 show ip ospf process-id flood-list407

20.29 show ip ospf flood-list int-name int-number407

20.30 show ip ospf process-id flood-list int-name int-number407

示例：显示所有被路由器缓存的OSPF泛洪列表内容408

20.31 show ip ospf interface408

20.32 show ip ospf process-id interface408

20.33 show ip ospf interface int-name int-number408

20.34 show ip ospf process-id interface int-name int-number408

示例1：显示某个参与OSPF路由进程的接口的信息409

示例2：显示参与OSPF路由进程的接口的OSPF计时器信息410

20.35 show ip ospf neighbor410

20.36 show ip ospf process-id neighbor410

20.37 show ip ospf neighbor neighbor-id410

20.38 show ip ospf process-id neighbor neighbor-id410

20.39 show ip ospf neighbor int-name int-number410

20.40 show ip ospf process-id neighbor int-name int-number410

20.41 show ip ospf neighbor detail410

20.42 show ip ospf process-id neighbor detail410

20.43 show ip ospf neighbor detail neighbor-id410

20.44 show ip ospf process-id neighbor detail neighbor-id410

20.45 show ip ospf neighbor int-name int-number410

20.46 show ip ospf process-id neighbor int-name int-number410

示例1：显示所有OSPF邻居路由器的信息411

示例2：显示特定OSPF邻居路由器的详细信息411

20.47 show ip ospf request-list412

20.48 show ip ospf process-id request-list412

20.49 show ip ospf request-list neighbor-id412

20.50 show ip ospf process-id request-list neighbor-id412

20.51 show ip ospf request-list int-name int-number412

20.52 show ip ospf process-id request-list int-name int-number412

示例：显示某特定OSPF邻居的链路状态请求列表信息413

20.53 show ip ospf retransmission-list413

20.54 show ip ospf process-id retransmission-list413

20.55 show ip ospf retransmission neighbor-id413

20.56 show ip ospf process-id retransmission neighbor-id413

20.57 show ip ospf retransmission int-name int-number413

20.58 show ip ospf process-id retransmission int-name int-number413

示例：等待某特定路由器接口重传的LSA列表413

20.59 show ip ospf summary-address414

20.60 show ip ospf process-id summary-address414

示例：显示路由器上所配置的汇总地址重分发的信息414

20.61 show ip ospf virtual-links414

20.62 show ip ospf process-id virtual-links414

示例：显示本路由器上所配置的所有OSPF虚链路的状态信息415

第21章 debug命令417

21.1 debug ip ospf adj417

示例1：展示OSPF邻接关系成功建立的过程417

示例2：当OSPF邻居路由器间区域ID不一致时，展示OSPF邻接关系的尝试建立过程418

21.2 debug ip ospf events418

示例1：展示OSPF邻接关系成功建立的过程419

示例2：定位OSPF邻接关系建立过程中的问题419

21.3 debug ip ospf flood420

21.4 debug ip ospf flood ip-access-list-number420

示例1：展示由OSPF泛洪协议生成的所有输出420

示例2：选择性地显示与OSPF协议有关的debug输出421

21.5 debug ip ospf lsa-generation423

21.6 debug ip ospf lsa-generation ip-access-list-number423

示例：展示OSPF邻接关系成功建立的过程423

21.7 debug ip ospf packet424

示例：显示OSPF包的信息424

21.8 debug ip ospf retransmission425

21.9 debug ip ospf spf425

21.10 debug ip ospf spf external425

21.11 debug ip ospf spf external access-list-number425

21.12 debug ip ospf spf inter425

21.13 debug ip ospf spf inter access-list-number425

21.14 debug ip ospf spf intra425

21.15 debug ip ospf spf intra access-list-number425

示例：显示外部的OSPF路由的SPF输出425

第22章 clear命令429

22.1 clear ip ospf counters429

22.2 clear ip ospf process-id counters429

22.3 clear ip ospf process-id counters neighbor429

22.4 clear ip ospf process-id counters neighbor int-name int-number429

示例：查看并清零记录OSPF邻接状态变迁的计数器429

22.5 clear ip ospf process430

22.6 clear ip ospf process-id process430

22.7 clear ip ospf redistribution430

22.8 clear ip ospf process-id redistribition430